Definition and Examples of Prepositional Phrases

In English grammar, a  prepositional phrase is a group of words made up of a preposition (such as to, with, or across), its object (a noun or pronoun), and any of the objects modifiers (an article and/or an adjective). It is only a portion of a sentence and cannot stand on its own as a complete thought. Prepositional phrases often tell where something happened, when it happened, or help define a specific person or thing. Because of these functions, theyre often essential to understanding a sentence. Key Takeaways: Prepositional Phrases Prepositional phrases are groups of words starting with a preposition.Prepositional phrases often function as modifiers, describing nouns and verbs.Phrases cant stand alone. A prepositional phrase wont contain the subject of a sentence. Types of Prepositional Phrases Prepositional phrases can modify nouns, verbs, phrases, and complete clauses. Prepositional phrases can also be embedded inside other prepositional phrases. Modifying Nouns: Adjectival Phrases When a phrase modifies a noun or pronoun, its called an adjectival phrase. These types of phrases often specify a person or thing (what kind, whose). In context, they clarify a distinction between several possibilities. For example: Sheila is the runner with the fastest time. Its likely there are other runners who are slower, as the sentence is specifying who is the fastest. The phrase is modifying (describing) the noun runner. Adjectival phrases come directly after the noun they modify. The boy with the tall woman is her son. The phrase with the tall woman is specifying a certain boy; its an adjectival phrase. There could be other boys, but the one with the tall woman is the one thats being described. The boy is a noun phrase, so the prepositional phrase is an adjective. If we want to make the boy even more specific, wed further qualify it with an embedded phrase. The boy with the tall woman and the dog is her son. Presumably, there are multiple boys with tall women, so the sentence is specifying that this boy is with a tall woman who has a dog. Modifying Verbs: Adverbial Phrases Adverbs modify verbs, and sometimes the adverb is an entire adverbial phrase. These phrases often describe when, where, why, how, or two what extent something happened. This course is the most difficult in the state. The prepositional phrase specifies where. There might be other courses that are more difficult in other states, but this one is the most difficult here. Lets say its just one difficult course of several in the state, i.e., This course is among the most difficult in the state. The among phrase is an adjectival phrase modifying (describing) the course, and the final phrase remains adverbial, still telling where. She ran the marathon with pride on Saturday. The first prepositional phrase specifies how she ran (a verb), and the second specifies when. Both are adverbial phrases. List of Prepositions Here are some of the most commonly used prepositions in English. Be aware that just because a word in a sentence is on this list doesnt mean that its being used as a preposition in any particular context. Many of these words can also be other parts of speech, such as adverbs or subordinating conjunctions.   aboutbehindexceptoutsideabovebelowforoveracrossbeneathfrompastafterbesideinthroughagainstbetweeninsidetoalongbeyondintounderamongbynearuntilarounddespiteofupatdownoffwithbeforeduringonwithout   Preposition, Conjunction, or Adverb? To tell if a word is a preposition, look to see if it has an object. If theres a clause following it, youre likely dealing with a conjunction. If its at the end of a clause instead of the beginning (or the end of a sentence), its likely an adverb. After In the following example, there is no object following after, and the word introduces a clause, so its clear that after is a conjunction: After we ate, we went to the theater.In the following example, there is an object following after, which means it is used as a preposition: After lunch, we went to the game. Before In the following example, there is an object following before, which means it is used as a preposition: Youve put the cart before the horse.In the following example, there is no object following before; it is being used as an adverb: Ive heard that somewhere before.In the following example, there is no object following before and the word introduces a clause, so its clear that before is a conjunction: Come over before you leave. Out In the following example, there is an object following out, which means it is used as a preposition:  The cat followed the child out the door.In the following example, there is no object following out; it is being used as an adverb:  Would you like to go out for lunch? When these words are part of a verb phrase, theyre adverbs. You check out, look up, and call off something, so these words might appear to be prepositions with objects. But they cant be split off from their verbs. He checked out the book. Out the book is not a prepositional phrase, as you dont go out a book. Examining Your Writing If your writing often contains very long sentences, consider using prepositional phrases as a tool for reorganizing your work when revising. Too many prepositional phrases, however, can make a sentence difficult to understand. This issue can often be fixed by splitting a long sentence into two or three shorter sentences or moving the verb closer to its subject.

Police Officers Charged With The Death Of Eric Garner

ynopsis: The SVU begin work on a case in which a leader of the #BlackLivesMatter movement is sexually assaulted the day after a massive protest following the Grand Jury decisision not to indict the police officers charged with the death of Eric Garner. The case takes a twist when it is discovered that the leader who was assaulted is actually Fin Tutuola s son Ken s boyfriend. In Act 1 of our A plot, Detectives Stabler and Benson enter the precinct notably late. They inform their captain that they were held up because a protest had broken out in the streets of Manhattan and blocked traffic. Detective Tutuola begins to discuss the Supereme Court decision when a young black man enters the precinct, exclaiming that he has been sexually assaulted and wants to report the crime. Detective Tutuola and Benson begin to talk to the young man and learn his name, Alejandro Pavel . They learn that he was beaten and sexually assaulted by a group of men, they discuss how it may be a hate crime. Detect ive Benson and Stabler escort the victim to the hospital as Detective Tutuola begins to file and peruse all the evidence so far. In our B plot at the hospital, Stabler and Benson discuss the current atmosphere of police brutality and community outrage. Stabler believes that the #BlackLivesMatter movement is a modern day, hate group and a neiusence to actual police work. Benson on the other hand believes that while she may disagree with the anti-police sentiment of the group, sheShow MoreRelatedPolice Brutality Against African Americans Essay1500 Words   |  6 Pages Police brutality against African Americans was a huge impact in Los Angeles, California in 1991, and continues to be a problematic situation in America today. On March 3, 1991, a group of white LAPD beat Rodney King. After this incident occurred a lot of negative events started to transpire. A lot of African Americans were angry and demanded justice. 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RAVE CULTURE Kentith Kaniff Essay Example For Students

RAVE CULTURE Kentith Kaniff Essay Rough draft ged-155This essay will explain rave culture. The reason that I chose to research and write on this topic is that I am involved with rave scene and enjoy going to raves. From researching this topic I discovered that rave culture displays many of lifes simple pleasures, such as dancing. Over the last 10-15 years, a new trend of parties has been evolving. These gatherings are known in the media as raves, and are often simply called parties by those attending them. A rave is an all night event where usually young people gather in a social atmosphere while listening to hypnotic dance music. These parties have slowly evolved into spectacles of total sensory overload. The first is the social aspects, unhindered freedom of expression of ones self through dance, dress or any other mean without fear of ridicule from others. The second is the dancing and its often quasi-spiritual effects on those partaking. The key to the success of raves is the positive atmosphere, or vibe. Raves are renowned for peoples acceptability and tolerance for others. They are safe havens for people who wish to be free from social pressures. Because of this, many ravers (person who attends these parties) are dressed differently then people you would normally see. Bright colors, clothing with different textures and feel, and generally clothes that is very comfortable to dance with. A sense of unity is formed between the partygoers; they attempt to form a community of sorts through there individuality. People feel free to go up to strangers and start up conversations. They also become very comfortable with everyone around them and try to share this feeling with others. This is a very important part of the whole Rave experience. When this occurs, then the party kids can truly feel free to be themselves in every way. This is something quite rare in todays commercialized society, which often dictates what is normal , and what isnt. Seen less and less as a spiritual tool and more as a form of entertainment. Today young people are re-discovering dancing and music in an experience much like people of the past through these all night parties. The music played at raves is very reminiscent of the pounding beats of hand drums, which are ancestors used to dance to. Young people, between the ages of 15-30, mainly attend these parties. At these parties the crowds of people are worked up into frenzies of energy, with people dancing hours on end without stopping. Another part of the rave experience is the lighting and surroundings. In the summertime many parties are held outside in desolate, and sometimes quite beautiful surroundings. Out on the West Coast of B.C., many of the parties during the summer are held up in the surrounding mountains of the lower mainland and around lakes. These serene settings all add to the utopian experiences created by a rave. During the winter months when it is to cold to hold a party outside, raves are held inside banquet halls, vacant buildings, or wherever a big enough size room can be found. Often these venues can be quite plain and boring in contrast to the vibrancy of a party. Stage type sets are brought in to conquer this dullness, usually with a theme associated with the party. The most important part of the backdrop for a party though is the lighting system. In order to fulfill total sensory overload, expensive laser light systems are brought in to aid the whole experience. These lighting systems can co st in the thousands of dollars and are often run by computers. As a DJ is building up the crowd so that they can go off, the lighting and lasers follow suit accordingly. When the DJ has the music peaking and the crowd is going off, the lasers and lights are usually shining as brightly as possible and are flaring off in every direction. .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc , .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .postImageUrl , .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc , .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc:hover , .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc:visited , .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc:active { border:0!important; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc:active , .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u73ea62eae40af9acf3b3d75e4e3910cc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Golden Rice EssayRaves are a medium for young people to get together, forgot about the problems in their everyday lives, escape from the world around them, and be free to be themselves for a short period of time. In Vancouver and many other Canadian cities, raving serves as an open-minded sanctuary from many young people. The Vancouver Rave Scene is different from many other American cities because of the fact that Canadian youth are allowed into drinking establishments much earlier than American youth. In Vancouver, many of the youth feel that the Bars and Clubs bring upon many superficial ideas. Raves serve as a place for these youths to have fun without being judged. Disco Family PlanBibliographyWork cited page first and rough copy1. WWW 1. E is for Ecstasy by Nicholas Saunders Chapter 32. WWW 2. Raves for Research or Psychedelic Researchers: the Next Generation. 3. WWW 3. MDMA Frequently Asked Questions4. WWW 4. MDMA Neuropharmacology5. WWW 5. Phase I MDMA Research Update September 19956. WWW 6. Ecstasy Facts and Myths7. WWW 7. Toxicity of Ecstasy by Leon van Aerts, Ph.D. 8. WWW 8. Spiritual uses of MDMA in traditional religion by Nicholas Saunders9. Aguirre, N et al. Differential regulation by ecstasy of 5-HT1A receptor density and mRNA expression in rat hippocampus, frontal cortex, and brain stem: the role of corticosteroids. Journal of Neurochemistry 68(3): 1099-1105 (1997). 10. McCann, U and Ricaurte, G. National Institutes of Health MDMA research controlled study of MDMAs neurotoxic potential in humans. Newsletter of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (Vol. 5 Number 5, 1994-1995). 11. McKenna, D and Peroutka, SJ. Neurochemistry and Neurotoxicity of 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy). Journal of Neurochemistry 54: 14-22 (1990). 12. Ricaurte, George. Long-term effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) on brain serotonin nerve cells in animals and humans. Addictions 1997: An International Research Journal (1997). 13. Ricaurte, G et al. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine selectively damages central serotonergic neurons in nonhuman primates. JAMA 260: 51-55. 1988.

Differences Similarities Between Prescriptive And Descriptive Strategies Schools Essay Example For Students

Differences Similarities Between Prescriptive And Descriptive Strategies Schools Essay In today ‘s competitory universe the word scheme has ne’er ceases in people ‘s oral cavity being single or organisation. Sometimes one hears that a certain scheme of a company has failed or it has succeeded, the word scheme is so influential but the inquiry is what does it intend? Scholes K et Al 2008 define scheme as a way and range of an organisation over the long term, which achieves advantage in altering environment through its constellation of resources and competencies with the purpose of carry throughing stakeholder outlooks. ( Scholes et al 2008 pp 2 ) While Baker define it as a frame work that provides counsel for actions to be taken and at the same clip it ‘s shaped by the action taken ( Baker J M 2007 pp 23 ), other say it ‘s a top direction ‘s programs to achieve results consistent with the organisation ‘s mission and ends ( Wright P et Al 1992 ) all these are the thoughts of what scheme means but at the terminal all are giving a n thought of something which can steer in the future accomplishment. So if a scheme is a program towards accomplishing a certain nonsubjective so concern scheme is a long term attack to implementing house ‘s concern programs to accomplish its concern aims, and strategic direction is concerned with associating a house to its environment in order to successfully run into long term aims. ( Meyer R A ; Wit B 2004, pp231 ) Strategy doing brings into play the critical managerial issue of how to accomplish the mark consequences in the visible radiation of organisation ‘s state of affairs and chances. Aims ever are the terminals and a scheme is the agencies to accomplish the terminals. A company scheme represents direction replies to such cardinal concern inquiries whether to concentrate in individual concern or construct a diversified group of concerns, whether to provide for a wide scope of clients or concentrate on a niche market, whether to develop a broad or narrow merchandise line, whether to prosecute competitory advantage with low cost or merchandise distinction. ( Strickland J and Thomson A. 2003, pp10 ) The direction needs to cognize different things in strategic direction particularly the constructs its holding which are the ends of a concern, the aims of how is that end traveling to be achieved and in conclusion reexamining the full procedure if the peculiar scheme is worthy it or non. Strategic direction allows an organisation to be more proactive than reactive in determining its ain hereafter, it allows an organisation to originate and act upon activities and therefore to exercise control over its ain fate and this benefit the organisation in be aftering for the hereafter development as it makes an consciousness of rivals schemes, consciousness of the menaces environing the organisation therefore being able to do other scheme for their endurance. ( Burgelman R et Al 2004 ) Every organisation or company position concern scheme in different ways, this is because each organisation ‘s formation and execution of its scheme varies. Some say concern scheme is a mixture of fortune and opinion or self-interest and design and others say it ‘s a more of an art than a scientific discipline all these positions depends on how people form, implement and reexamine its scheme. It can be said as fortune foremost of all fortune is a luck a success which it ‘s difficult to place how it has happened and it can non be explained logically. Some schemes are being formed in the company but are non being implemented still the company survive in the market whatever fierce the competition is. Example SEMCO a Brazilian who have no mission statement, regulation book or central offices illustration it allows its employees to put out the wages and do their ain marks but still it makes admirations in the market, still it grows by 30 % to 40 % this can be countered as fortune because the company has aims of being in the market but no scheme on how it ‘s traveling to last, ( www.freeonlineresearchpapers.com ) Besides if concern is runing in an environment where the degree of competition is high, it has to explicate some schemes on how to over win its rivals. But sometimes, these schemes may neglect to carry through their intent to the degree expected and before new schemes are put in topographic point, some forces/influences may do the concern perform better every bit compared to its rivals. Example: alteration of political systems in a state ( in which instance the rivals may non happen favorable to them ) or economic downswing ( in which instance rivals may be affected severely ) giving the concern an chance to win the market illustration Dstv and Gtv Under these fortunes, though the concern schemes were non every bit good as those of rivals, external factors have made the company to win therefore turn outing concern scheme as fortune. Though on the other manus concern scheme can non be luck in a competitory universe as schemes have to be in topographic point no 1 can merely populate with the aims without ways to implement them and anticipate the individual to win same in concern an organisation can non be be aftering to be the leader in the market and merely run like a unsighted individual non cognizing how can it be a leader without uncertainty the company is likely to neglect. Hence this disproves the theory of concern scheme being luck. ( The guardian intelligence paper 20th July 2009 ) Another scenario of concern scheme as opinion whereby it means that concern scheme should be based on experience as a laminitis or leader in the organisation make a determination due to past experience or wisdom illustration if the job has occurred such as the new rivals have emerged with low monetary value sell in their merchandise a leader can utilize what they did in the yesteryear may be diminish the monetary value or merely go forth it as they have loyal clients who are non traveling to go forth the company even if the rivals have reduced the monetary value this shows a opinion as the leader Judgess on what to make. ( Wiley J A ; Sons 2009 pp 255-273 ) Though this can non vouch the success of that scheme the universe is excessively altering to utilize the same scheme over and over illustration clients needs alterations therefore if a company uses the same opinion it used three old ages earlier might non work in a current state of affairs illustration Adidas who were bring forthing trainers places ever have been utilizing opinion scheme in which at the terminal of the twenty-four hours could non work as clients wanted new type of places therefore other companies emerged and win by following client demands. Taking a concern scheme as opinion is non bad though due to the altering universe on engineering and the environment in general the companies need to follow new manner of forming and implementing their scheme. ( www.thetimes100.co Essay about The Pact of Hindi Films in IndiaThe descriptive scheme concluding aim is non clear and elements are developed during the class of its life as the scheme returns. The procedure is one of exper imentation to happen the most productive path frontward, it does non hold a individual, concluding aim ; scheme develops over clip. In fast developing markets, the clip period may be short ; in slow developing markets, it ‘s likely to be longer. To prove these type of scheme its of import to analyze how the scheme has developed in pattern over a defined clip period. The advantages of the procedure include its consistence with existent pattern in administrations ; it takes history of people issues such as motive ; it allows experimentation about the scheme to take topographic point ; it provides an chance to include the civilization and political relations of the administration ; it delivers flexibleness to react to market alterations. ( Lynch R, 2006, pp 46-47 ). There strong similarities to descriptive and normative schemes. As the definitions provinces ; descriptive is what is normally done while prescriptive is what can be done most realistically. It could stop up being the same result on many occasions.The even make sense when put together. What is normally done is most likely what can be done most realistically. However, when studied in deepness, these schemes have their differences. ( Lynch R, 2006, pp 68-70 ). The descriptive scheme is done based on past grounds. It something that has been most likely done in the yesteryear. Unlike the descriptive, the normative takes other factors in history while analysing multi [ lupus erythematosus standards and conflicting expostulations. After this, so chooses what scheme would or could be done realistically based on the aims antecedently listed. Harmonizing to the prescriptive, the 2nd best determination might be more appropriate. The normative attack includes an analysis of possible determinations around a chosen solution known as sensitiveness analysis. A descriptive attack may be doing a determination on a subject merely based on past experience.If it was positive, so the determination is made. If it si negative so a different determinations made. normative scheme analyzes all options before make up one’s minding based on all factors, what the best option may be. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.oppapers.com/essays ) The prescriptive and descriptive schemes can be contrasted by accommodating Mint berg ‘s analogy whereby the normative scheme is Biblical in its attack, it appears at a point in clip and is governed by a set of regulation s, to the full formulated and ready to implement.While the descriptive scheme is Darwinian in attack, an emerging and altering scheme that survives by accommodating as the environment itself changes. Given the demand for an administration to hold a corporate scheme, much has truly been about the procedure of accomplishing these schemes. No common manner understanding on the manner this can be done. On one manus, there is the normative procedure, which involves a structured strategic planning system.It is necessary to place aims, analyse the environment and the resources of the administration, develop scheme options and select among them. The selected procedure is so implemented. On the other manus, there is the descriptive procedure, which does non place a concluding aim with specific schemes to accomplish this. It relies on developing schemes whose concluding result may non be known. Directors rely on more on test and mistake and experimenting to accomplish the optimum procedure. Outline1 Develop or specify administration ‘s nonsubjective2 Analysis and projection of the environment environing the administration: macroeconomic analysis, political clime, etc.3 Reconsider aim ( and alter it if the environment requires this )4 Develop scheme option5 Choice option against the likeliness of accomplishing aims6 Implement chosen scheme option7 How the normative corporate scheme procedure plants8 One position of how the descriptive scheme procedure plants.9 Decision Develop or specify administration ‘s nonsubjective Analysis and projection of the environment environing the administration: macroeconomic analysis, political clime, etc. Reconsider aim ( and alter it if the environment requires this ) Develop scheme option Choice option against the likeliness of accomplishing aims Implement chosen scheme option How the normative corporate scheme procedure plants Within the descriptive schemes, four chief groups were identified: The human resource based route- topographic points the accent on people in strategic development. Motivation, political relations civilization and desires of the person are all of import. Scheme may affect an component of experimentation and acquisition in order to take in to account all the factors. The invention and cognition based route- this emphasises on the part of new thoughts and extremist ways of thought and sharing cognition if an administration is to outwit its rivals. ( Lynch R, 2006, pp 68-69 ). One position of how the descriptive scheme procedure plants. Discuss with immediate directors Identify job or aim Identify related or subsequent enterprise Success Failure Discuss with immediate directors Discuss with other sections or companies in group Try via media B Try via media Angstrom Failure Success Discuss with other sections or companies in group Decision In decision concern scheme is a mixture of fortune and opinion, self-interest and design because all these fall together in different instances illustration a company can hold a scheme and it does non work though the alteration environmental factors can favor the company and stoping up doing net income than its rivals therefore corroborating the fortune and self-interest portion of the scheme, at the same clip holding processed the scheme with a good scheme design for a peculiar job or challenge in the company can convey the success and the design can be drown from the opinion of the past experience hence devising concern scheme a mixture of all the four elements nevertheless no component can stand entirely to fulfill that a concern scheme is that component. Besides because of the globalisation the environment factors do alter every twenty-four hours and the competition is high therefore concern scheme can non be a seated duck but a traveling mark that is to state the organisation scheme has to be developed in each peculiar clip illustration some companies which are so advanced and do non utilize inactive scheme they change their scheme by creativeness and invention harmonizing to alterations go oning therefore holding that concern scheme is more of an art than a scientific discipline. For illustration IBM company.